Glossary
What is a crosswind component?
The part of the wind acting across the runway rather than along it, worked out from the wind direction and speed against the runway heading. Every airplane has a demonstrated crosswind figure recorded in its flight manual, and that figure is specific to the type.
That is the whole entry for now. The longer version, with the mechanics and worked examples, is still to be written. See autorotation for how those read once they exist.